Montenegro is a small country located in the Balkans, bordered by Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, and Albania. Its history dates back to ancient times, with influences from the Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Ottoman Empire, and the Venetian Republic. Montenegro declared independence from Serbia in 2006, becoming a sovereign state. Throughout its history, Montenegro has faced challenges such as occupation by foreign powers and struggles for autonomy. It was a part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and later the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The country experienced conflicts during the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s, including the Montenegrin independence referendum. Today, Montenegro is a parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage, beautiful landscapes, and a growing tourism industry.