France is known for its rich history and culture. It has been inhabited by humans since prehistoric times and has played a significant role in shaping European history. From the ancient Gauls to the Roman Empire, France has been a key player in various historical events. In the Middle Ages, France was ruled by powerful monarchs such as Charlemagne and Louis XIV, who expanded the kingdom's territory and influence. The French Revolution in 1789 marked a turning point in the country's history, leading to the establishment of a republic and the end of the monarchy. In the 19th and 20th centuries, France was involved in multiple wars, including World War I and World War II. Today, France is a modern nation known for its art, cuisine, fashion, and contributions to global politics and culture.