Tunisia

Tunisia's history is marked by diverse cultural influences and significant historical events. Originally inhabited by Berber tribes, it was later part of the Phoenician Empire, including the famed city of Carthage. After the Punic Wars, it became a prosperous Roman province. The region witnessed Vandal and Byzantine rule, before Arab conquest in the 7th century, introducing Islam and Arabic culture. The Ottoman Empire controlled Tunisia from the late 16th century until the 19th century. In 1881, France colonized Tunisia, leading to a strong nationalist movement. Tunisia gained independence in 1956, becoming a republic in 1957 under Habib Bourguiba, who modernized the country. The 2011 Jasmine Revolution, part of the Arab Spring, led to significant political reforms.