Azerbaijan is a country located at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bordered by Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Iran, and the Caspian Sea. It gained independence from the Soviet Union in 1991 and has since become a republic with a secular government. The country has a diverse culture influenced by Persian, Turkish, and Russian traditions. Azerbaijan has a rich history dating back to ancient times, with evidence of human habitation dating back to the Stone Age. It has been invaded and ruled by various empires over the centuries, including the Persian Empire, the Russian Empire, and the Soviet Union. The country has a unique mix of influences from these different periods, which is reflected in its architecture, cuisine, and language. Today, Azerbaijan is known for its natural resources, particularly oil, and its vibrant arts and music scene.