Australia is a country located in the southern hemisphere, known for its unique wildlife, vast landscapes, and diverse culture. It was originally inhabited by indigenous peoples for thousands of years before European colonization began in the 18th century. The British established the first penal colony in Australia in 1788, leading to the displacement and mistreatment of the indigenous population. Throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, Australia developed into a prosperous nation with a strong economy based on agriculture, mining, and manufacturing. It gained independence from Britain in 1901, becoming a federated nation with its own government. Australia has since become a multicultural society, welcoming immigrants from around the world and promoting democracy, human rights, and environmental sustainability.
