"Advance Australia Fair" is proclaimed as Australia's official national anthem.
Updated By: History Editorial Network (HEN)
Published:
9 min read
On April 19, 1984, "Advance Australia Fair" was officially proclaimed as Australia's national anthem, marking a significant moment in the nation's history. This decision replaced "God Save the Queen" and reflected a growing sense of Australian identity and independence.
Background: The Journey to Adoption
Before 1984, "God Save the Queen" served as Australia's national anthem, a remnant of its colonial ties to Britain. As Australia evolved into a more distinct and independent nation, the need for a national anthem that truly represented its unique identity and values became increasingly evident.
"Advance Australia Fair" was written by Peter Dodds McCormick in 1878 and had long been popular in various public events. The lyrics celebrated the beauty and potential of Australia, resonating with many Australians who sought an anthem that reflected their pride in their country.
Public Opinion and Government Action
The push for a uniquely Australian anthem gained momentum in the 1970s. In 1973, the Australian Bureau of Statistics conducted a public opinion survey to gauge support for different national songs. "Advance Australia Fair" emerged as the favorite, surpassing other contenders like "Waltzing Matilda" and "Song of Australia."
In 1974, the Whitlam government recognized "Advance Australia Fair" as the national song, while "God Save the Queen" remained the official anthem for certain royal and vice-regal occasions. This move was an important step, but it did not fully satisfy the growing desire for an entirely Australian national anthem.
The 1977 Plebiscite
To settle the issue, a national plebiscite was held in 1977 under the Fraser government. The plebiscite asked Australians to choose their preferred national anthem among "Advance Australia Fair," "Waltzing Matilda," "Song of Australia," and retaining "God Save the Queen." The results showed a clear preference for "Advance Australia Fair," which received 43.29% of the vote, while "Waltzing Matilda" received 28.28%, "God Save the Queen" 18.78%, and "Song of Australia" 9.65%.
Despite the plebiscite's outcome, the anthem was not immediately adopted, primarily due to political inertia and ongoing debates about the transition.
Proclamation as National Anthem
The final step in officially adopting "Advance Australia Fair" as the national anthem came under the government of Prime Minister Bob Hawke. On April 19, 1984, "Advance Australia Fair" was officially proclaimed as Australia's national anthem by the Governor-General Sir Ninian Stephen. On the same day, the green and gold were proclaimed as the national colors of Australia.
Lyrics of "Advance Australia Fair"
The lyrics of "Advance Australia Fair" have undergone some modifications since McCormick's original version. The current official version includes two verses:
Australians all let us rejoice,
For we are one and free;
We've golden soil and wealth for toil;
Our home is girt by sea;
Our land abounds in nature's gifts
Of beauty rich and rare;
In history's page, let every stage
Advance Australia Fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing,
Advance Australia Fair.
Beneath our radiant Southern Cross
We'll toil with hearts and hands;
To make this Commonwealth of ours
Renowned of all the lands;
For those who've come across the seas
We've boundless plains to share;
With courage let us all combine
To Advance Australia Fair.
In joyful strains then let us sing,
Advance Australia Fair.
Significance and Impact
The adoption of "Advance Australia Fair" as the national anthem was a powerful affirmation of Australia's national identity and independence. It symbolized a break from colonial ties and a move towards a future defined by the nation's own values, culture, and aspirations.
The anthem has since become a central part of Australian national life, performed at official events, sports matches, and celebrations. It plays a significant role in fostering national unity and pride, encapsulating the spirit of Australia in its verses.
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