San Martín Assumes Command as Protector of Peru

In 1821, following the proclamation of independence in Peru, José de San Martín took on the role of Protector, a title conferred upon him by a decree on August 3. His leadership marked a significant turning point in the establishment of a new governance structure in the newly liberated territories. Under his Protectorate, San Martín initiated several key reforms that laid the foundation for the future of Peru. Notably, he was instrumental in the creation of the National Library, which aimed to promote knowledge and education among the populace. Additionally, he oversaw the approval of the National Anthem, fostering a sense of national identity and unity. One of his most impactful decisions was the abolition of the mita system, which had historically oppressed indigenous communities. This move was a significant step towards social justice and the recognition of indigenous rights. On December 27, 1821, San Martín further solidified his governance by establishing three ministries: the Ministry of State and Foreign Affairs, led by Juan García del Río; the Ministry of War and Navy, headed by Bernardo de Monteagudo; and the Ministry of Finance, directed by Hipólito Unanue. These ministries were crucial in organizing the new government and addressing the various challenges faced by the nascent republic.