Transfer of the Panama Canal

The transfer of the Panama Canal from the United States to Panama marked a pivotal shift in the control of one of the world's most important maritime routes. The U.S. had administered the canal since its completion, which facilitated international trade and military movement. The decision to return control was rooted in the Torrijos-Carter Treaties, which established a timeline for the transfer and aimed to improve relations between the two nations. By the end of the 20th century, the U.S. military presence in Panama was under scrutiny, and the political climate in the region was changing, leading to increased calls for sovereignty from Panamanian leaders and citizens alike. The transfer was completed on December 31, 1999, concluding nearly a century of U.S. control and marking the beginning of Panamanian governance over the canal.