Beginning of the First Egyptian–Ottoman War

The First Egyptian–Ottoman War emerged from the tensions between Muhammad Ali of Egypt and Sultan Mahmud II of the Ottoman Empire. Muhammad Ali sought to expand his control over Greater Syria and Crete, but his ambitions were met with resistance from the Sultan. The conflict was fueled by the backdrop of the Greek War of Independence, which had strained Ottoman resources and highlighted the empire's vulnerabilities. Following the costly loss of his fleet at the Battle of Navarino, Muhammad Ali decided to assert his power, leading to a revolt against the Sultan. The war commenced when Muhammad Ali's forces engaged the Ottoman Army, achieving significant victories that brought them to Kütahya, a city near Constantinople. This military success underscored the shifting dynamics of power within the region and the declining influence of the Ottoman Empire.