Victor Hugo's Diary Entry on the Commune

Victor Hugo's reflections during the Paris Commune reveal his deep concern for the social and political turmoil of the time. The Paris Commune was a revolutionary government that emerged in March 1871, following the Franco-Prussian War and the subsequent siege of Paris. This period was marked by extreme hardship, as food shortages became rampant, leading to desperate measures among the populace. Hugo, known for his literary prowess and humanitarian views, documented his experiences and observations in his diary. He expressed his dismay at the violence and chaos that characterized the conflict, criticizing both the Commune and the National Assembly. His entry on April 9 highlights his belief that both factions were engaging in folly, stating, "In short, this Commune is as idiotic as the National Assembly is ferocious." This sentiment underscores the complexity of the situation, as Hugo grappled with the moral implications of the actions taken by both sides during this turbulent period. The impact of the Paris Commune was profound, as it represented a radical attempt to establish a socialist government in France. The Commune lasted for approximately two months, during which time it implemented various progressive reforms, including the separation of church and state and the establishment of workers' cooperatives. However, the government faced fierce opposition, leading to violent confrontations and significant loss of life. The eventual suppression of the Commune resulted in thousands of deaths and marked a turning point in French politics. Hugo's writings from this time serve as a poignant reminder of the human cost of political strife and the challenges of achieving social justice. His critical perspective on the events of the Commune reflects a broader disillusionment with the political landscape of the time, emphasizing the need for compassion and understanding amidst conflict.