South Africa's Role in the Turnhalle Constitutional Conference

The Turnhalle Constitutional Conference was initiated by South Africa as a response to the ongoing political turmoil in Namibia, which was then under South African administration. The conference aimed to establish an 'internal settlement' that would facilitate a political solution to the Namibian question. Notably, the conference excluded the South West Africa People's Organization (SWAPO), the primary liberation movement advocating for Namibian independence. Instead, it primarily included leaders from the bantustans, which were territories designated for black South Africans, and representatives from white Namibian political parties. This exclusion of SWAPO was a critical aspect of the conference, as it reflected South Africa's strategy to undermine the legitimacy of the liberation movement and promote a political framework that favored its interests. The impact of the Turnhalle Constitutional Conference was significant in shaping the political landscape of Namibia. While South Africa sought to legitimize its control over Namibia through this conference, the exclusion of SWAPO led to widespread criticism and resistance from the Namibian populace. The conference ultimately failed to achieve its intended goals, as it did not gain the support of the majority of Namibians. Instead, it further entrenched divisions within the country and highlighted the complexities of the struggle for independence. The conference's outcomes contributed to the international community's growing condemnation of South Africa's policies in Namibia, leading to increased pressure for a resolution to the conflict and eventual independence for Namibia.