Mapai won 40 seats in January 1955 elections

In January 1955, the Israeli political landscape shifted significantly when Mapai, led by Moshe Sharett, secured 40 seats in the Knesset elections, while the Labour Party garnered 10 seats. This victory enabled Sharett to form a left-wing coalition government. However, this period was marked by escalating tensions and violence along Israel's borders, primarily due to Arab terrorism and repeated breaches of ceasefire agreements. The situation was exacerbated by Palestinian fedayeen attacks, which were often organized and supported by the Egyptian government from the Gaza Strip. These attacks prompted Israel to conduct counter-raids, leading to a cycle of retaliatory violence. Notably, in 1954, the Israel Defense Forces began utilizing the Uzi submachine gun, enhancing their military capabilities. Additionally, in 1955, the Egyptian government initiated a controversial missile program by recruiting former Nazi rocket scientists, further intensifying regional security concerns. This era was characterized by a complex interplay of political maneuvering and military confrontations, shaping the future of Israeli defense and foreign policy.