Stamp seal with unicorn and incense burner

The stamp seal featuring a unicorn and an incense burner originates from the Indus Valley Civilization, a prominent ancient culture known for its advanced urban planning and craftsmanship. This particular seal, made of burnt steatite, measures 3.8 × 3.8 × 1 cm and is currently housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The Indus Valley Civilization thrived between 2600 and 1900 BC, and its artifacts provide valuable insights into the social, economic, and religious practices of the time. The depiction of a unicorn, a mythical creature often associated with purity and grace, alongside an incense burner, suggests the importance of ritualistic practices and possibly the significance of trade in incense and related materials within this civilization. The use of seals in the Indus Valley was widespread, serving various purposes such as administrative, commercial, and religious functions. These seals often featured intricate designs and inscriptions, indicating a sophisticated level of artistry and communication. The unicorn motif, while not commonly found in other ancient cultures, highlights the unique iconography of the Indus Valley. The presence of such seals in archaeological sites indicates their role in trade, as they were likely used to mark goods and establish ownership. The study of these artifacts continues to shed light on the complexities of the Indus Valley Civilization, contributing to our understanding of early urban societies and their cultural expressions.