New body types in Mehrgarh graves

The archaeological site of Mehrgarh, located in present-day Pakistan, has provided significant insights into the evolution of human populations in South Asia. Research indicates that the Chalcolithic population of Mehrgarh did not directly descend from the earlier Neolithic inhabitants, suggesting a complex demographic history characterized by moderate levels of gene flow. This finding is crucial for understanding the genetic diversity and migration patterns in the region. Notably, studies have identified new body types in the graves of Mehrgarh, particularly during the Togau phase, which is associated with the emergence of Chalcolithic culture. These body types are believed to have West Asian origins, indicating possible interactions or migrations between populations across regions. This evidence of new body types reflects broader changes in lifestyle, health, and social structures during this period, as well as the potential influence of external populations on the local gene pool. The introduction of these new body types may also correlate with shifts in subsistence strategies, trade networks, and cultural practices, highlighting the dynamic nature of human societies in ancient times. Furthermore, research on lactose tolerance in India suggests that these interactions may have had lasting impacts on the genetic landscape of the region, influencing dietary practices and population health over millennia.