Officially granted the title “Augustus” by the Senate
Updated By: History Editorial Network (HEN)
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In 27 BCE, the Roman Senate officially bestowed upon Octavian the honorific title "Augustus," a moment that signaled the formal end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of the Roman Empire. This title, meaning "the revered one," carried religious and political weight, symbolizing a new era of leadership without invoking the hated term “king.” While Augustus maintained the outward appearance of republican governance, including institutions like the Senate and consuls, he held supreme authority over the military and controlled the empire's most critical provinces, effectively establishing a new autocratic regime.
The granting of the title “Augustus” was a masterstroke in political strategy. It allowed Octavian to frame his rise not as a power grab, but as a restoration of order and tradition. He styled himself as the “Princeps,” or first citizen, fostering the illusion of shared governance while wielding absolute control. This delicate balance between tradition and transformation allowed Augustus to stabilize Rome after years of civil unrest. His rule ushered in the Pax Romana, a period of relative peace, prosperity, and cultural flourishing that would define the empire for centuries.
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Primary Reference: Augustus

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