Beginning of the Rule of Shoshenq I
Updated By: History Editorial Network (HEN)
Published: | Updated:
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The beginning of the rule of Shoshenq I around 943 BCE marked a significant shift in ancient Egyptian politics and power dynamics, as he was the first ruler of Libyan descent to ascend the throne, founding the 22nd Dynasty. Shoshenq I came from a line of Libyan military leaders who had settled in Egypt during the previous centuries and gained prominence within the Egyptian army and priesthood. His rise to power was rooted in both military strength and strategic marriage alliances, and he successfully established a new dynasty that brought a measure of stability to Egypt after the fragmentation of the Third Intermediate Period.
As pharaoh, Shoshenq I focused on reasserting Egypt’s influence in the Near East, launching military campaigns into Canaan and even entering Jerusalem—an event noted in biblical and Egyptian sources. These campaigns sought to restore Egypt's waning dominance and revitalize its political stature. Domestically, he consolidated power by placing loyal family members in high-ranking religious and administrative positions, particularly in Thebes and other important cities. Shoshenq I also undertook construction and restoration projects, including additions to the Temple of Amun at Karnak. His reign marked the beginning of a new political order in Egypt, blending traditional pharaonic rule with Libyan cultural elements.
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