Beginning of the Rule of Hatshepsut
Updated By: History Editorial Network (HEN)
Published:
4 min read
The beginning of Hatshepsut’s rule around 1479 BCE marks a groundbreaking chapter in ancient Egyptian history, as she emerged as one of the few women to assume the full powers of a pharaoh. Initially serving as regent for her young stepson Thutmose III, Hatshepsut gradually transitioned from co-ruler to dominant monarch. Breaking with convention, she declared herself pharaoh and adopted all the symbols of kingship, including the false beard and male regalia traditionally associated with male rulers. Her rise to power was unprecedented, but she legitimized her reign through religious and political channels, emphasizing her divine birth and close relationship with the god Amun.
Hatshepsut’s reign was notably peaceful and marked by economic prosperity, monumental architecture, and ambitious trade expeditions. She focused on internal development rather than military conquest, commissioning grand construction projects like her iconic mortuary temple at Deir el-Bahari, which remains a marvel of ancient architecture. She also revitalized trade networks, most famously sending a fleet to the land of Punt, which brought back valuable goods such as incense, myrrh trees, and gold. Hatshepsut’s rule challenged traditional gender roles and left a legacy of effective governance, artistic flourishing, and religious devotion, securing her place as one of Egypt’s most remarkable and enduring pharaohs.
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